Serum Uric Acid and Glycemic Control among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Semarang, Indonesia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33096/7hs7je26Kata Kunci:
Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, hyperuricemiaAbstrak
Introduction: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and glycemic status in established diabetes is biologically plausible but inconsistent across studies because insulin resistance, renal urate handling, glycosuria, obesity, kidney function, and glucose-lowering therapy can influence SUA in different directions. This study evaluated the association of SUA with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a hospital-based sample in Semarang, Indonesia.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study screened 410 medical records from Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang, during 2018–2020. Thirty records with complete SUA, FBG, and HbA1c data were available for analysis. Hyperuricemia was defined as SUA >7.0 mg/dL in men and >6.0 mg/dL in women. The revision reanalyzed the available raw dataset using Shapiro–Wilk testing, Spearman correlation, exploratory partial Spearman correlation adjusted for age, sex, and recorded obesity status, and Fisher’s exact test. Two-sided p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was 54.3±6.5 years; 16/30 (53.3%) were women and 18/30 (60.0%) met the sex-specific definition of hyperuricemia. SUA showed a moderate positive monotonic association with FBG (Spearman ρ=0.401, 95% bootstrap CI 0.053 to 0.665, p=0.028); this remained similar after adjustment for age, sex, and obesity (partial ρ=0.396, p=0.041). The association with HbA1c was weak and not statistically significant (ρ=0.270, 95% bootstrap CI -0.126 to 0.624, p=0.149).
Conclusion: Higher SUA was associated with higher FBG, but not HbA1c. These exploratory findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small, highly selected sample and incomplete data on renal function, medication use, diabetes duration, and other confounders.
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