The Condition of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Lineages and Resistances in Indonesia
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Aug 31, 2022
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia ranks second worldwide in TB incidence in the country.
Content: The spread of the disease is happening across Indonesia. Each area of Indonesia had different types of lineage M. tuberculosis and TB incidence number. Drug resistance is threatening to society and it needs full attention and immediate medication to control the disease. Therefore, this paper is composed of reviews from 10 journals that reported drug resistance TB in several different locations in Indonesia using different methods available.
Conclusion: The number of TB cases and their lineages differ in each area in Indonesia, one of which is due to the availability of diagnostic tools and level of self-awareness in each area. There are reported findings of drug resistance TB in Indonesia that are concerning. Currently, many TB treatments are under development to produce the best therapy to treat the disease.
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References
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2. Erawati, M, & Andriany M. The prevalence and demographic risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among healthcare workers in Semarang, Indonesia. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020;13:197–206.
3. Noviyani, A, Nopsopon, T, & Pongpirul K. Variation of tuberculosis prevalence across diagnostic approaches and geographical areas of Indonesia. PLoS One. 2021;16((10))
4. Lisdawati, V, Puspandari, N, Rif’ati, L, Soekarno, T, M, M, K, S., Parwati, I. Molecular epidemiology study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Indonesia. BMC Infectious Diseases.2015; 15, 366. doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1101-y.
5. Soeroto, AY, Lestari, BW, Santoso, P, Chaidir, L, Andriyoko, B, Alisjahbana, B, .Hill. Evaluation of Xpert MTB-RIF guided diagnosis and treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2019 14(2), e0213017. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213017.
6. Chaidir, L, Ruesen, C, Dutilh, BE, Ganiema, AR, Andryani, A, Apriani, L, . . . Alisjahban, B. Use of whole-genome sequencing to predict Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in Indonesia. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance. 2019; 16. 170-177. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2018.08.018.
7. Forbes , BA, Hall, GS, Miller, MB, Novak, SM, Rowlinson, M-C, Salfinger, M, . . . Wilson, ML. Practice Guidelines for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories. 2018.
8. Nurwidya, F, Handayani, D, Burhan, E, & Yunus, F. Molecular Diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Chonnam Med J. 2018., 54(1), 1-9. doi:10.4068/cmj.2018.54.1.1.
9. Wiqoyah, N, Mertaniasih, NM, Artama, WT, & Matsumoto, S. Microbiome in Sputum as a Potential Biomarker of Chronicity in Pulmonary Resistant to Rifampicin Tuberculosis and Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients. Int. J. Mycobacteriol. 2021; 10(3), 260-267. doi:10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_132_21.
10. Christopher, PM, Cucunawangsih, & Widysanto, A. GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis /rifampicin assay for molecular epidemiology of rifampicin-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an Urban Setting of Banten province, Indonesia. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2019; 8(4), 351-358. doi:10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_138_19
11. Tania, T, Sudarmono, P, Kusumawati, RL, Rukmana, A, Pratama, WA, Regmi, SM, . . . Faksri, K. Whole-genome sequencing analysis of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Java, IndonesiaJ. Med. Microbiol.2020; 69(7), 1013-1019. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001221.
12. Purkan, P, Ihsanawati , I, Natalia, D, Syah, Y, Retnoningrum, D, & Siswanto, I. Molecular Analysis of katG Encoding Catalase-Peroxidase from Clinical Isolate of Isoniazid-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Life. 2018. 11(2).
13. Chaidir, L, Sengstake, S, de Beer, J, Krismawati, H, Lestari, FD, Ayawaila, S, Alisjahbana, B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic drug resistance patterns and clustering in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015. 19(4), 428–433. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.14.0350.
14. Chaidir, L, Sengstake, S, de Beer, J, Oktavian, A, Krismawati, H, Muhapril, E, van Creve, R. Predominance of modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and active transmission of Beijing sublineage in Jayapura, Indonesia Papua. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2016; 39, 1 87-193. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.019.
15. Maladan, Y, Krismawati, H, Wahyuni, T, Tanjung, R, Awaludin, K, Audah, KA, & Parikesit, AA.. The whole-genome sequencing in predicting Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility and resistance in Papua, Indonesia. BMC Genomics,. 2021; 22, 844. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-08139-3
16. Dewi, AP. Prevalence and characteristic of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in South Halmahera District, eastern Indonesia. European Respiratory Journal. 2020; 56, 505. doi:1 0.1183/13993003.congress-2020.505
17. Umar, FF, Husain, DR, Hatta, MM, Natzir, RR, Sjahril, RS, Dwiyanti, RR, .Primaguna, MR. Molecular characterisation of mutations associated with resistance to first- and second-line drugs among Indonesian patients with tuberculosis. Journal of Taibah University Medical Science. 2020, 15(1), 54-58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.12.003
18. Mycobacteria. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 13(2), e00038-00017. doi:1 0.1128/CMR.00038-17
19. Majdawati, A, Icksan, AG, & Lolong, D. Comparison of chest X-ray lesion characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. Pol. J. Radiol. 2019. 84, e162-e170. doi:https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2019.84515
20. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2018. World Health Organization. 2018. retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/27445.
21. Mudaliana, S. Antimicrobial activity of Centella asiatica and Gigantochloa apus. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2021. 32(4), 755-759. doi:1 0.1515/jbcpp-2020-0396.
22. Daletos, G, Ancheeva, E, Chaidir, C, Kalscheuer, R, & Proksch, P. Antimycobacterial Metabolites from Marine Invertebrates. Pharmaceutics, 2021; 13, 592.
23. Indriarini, D, Rukmana, A, & Yasmon, A. Cloning and expression of MCE1A gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing and H37RV strain for vaccine candidate development Afr., J. Infect. 2018; 12(S), 127-132. doi:https://doi.org/10.2101/Ajid.12v1S.19
24. Organization WH. Indonesia commitment to eliminate TB by 2030 supported by the highest-level government [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/28-11-2021-indonesia-commitment-to-eliminate-tb-by-2030-supported-by-the-highest-level-government.